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Archive for the ‘Safety’ Category

One Accident that could have been avoided had the pilot rocked the wings before flight

Sunday, February 13th, 2011

A few posts back I promised to give another reason for rocking the wings during preflight but then was distracted by other aviation subjects I had in mind and didn’t get to it right away. Here then is a (true) story:

Back when there was an airport in Morgan Hill, California, a couple of guys shared a Cessna 140. One of the pilots, (we’ll call him Sam), had noticed that when he flew their 140 he had to hold right yoke to keep the wings level in straight level flight. He figured that the solution would be to “wash in the low left wing,” thereby giving it a higher angle of incidence and more lift.

In order to change the angle of incidence in the wing of a C-140, you must turn the adjusting screw on the (wing) end of the strut. If you shorten the strut it increases the angle of attack, essentially warping the wing. In this aircraft the attach point of the strut to the wing is up inside the wing, not below the wing where you can see it such as on a Citabria, for example.

Sam was not rated as an airplane mechanic – no A&P certificate – but he believed that it was a simple adjustment and so he attacked the problem. Apparently at some point during his attempts, he turned the screw the wrong way and almost disconnected the strut from the wing.

Later, satisfied that he had solved the problem, Sam did a preflight, got into the airplane, taxiied out and started his take-off roll. Just as the wings developed lift, the loose wing flew up over the airplane causing it to snap roll and contact the ground inverted. Yeow! Sam survived but I’m not sure that the partnership did.

I doubt that this type of accident happens frequently, but had the pilot rocked the wings for any of the other reasons we mentioned in our “Why it’s a good idea to rock the wings before flight” post, he could have saved the plane, and himself some grief.

I suppose that there are (at least) two morals to this story: first, it’s a good plan to rock the wings during preflight, and second, be sure to thoroughly vet prospective airplane partners!

Posted in Preflight, Safety, Uncategorized | 6 Comments »

Operating on the Margin

Friday, February 11th, 2011

When we fly, we operate in one of three regimes: Conservative/Safe; Unsafe; or on the Margin. The Margin is that grey area between flying in a conservative manner, and flying unsafely. We have all pushed the envelope at some point, gone flying when we knew we shouldn’t, or continued flying when we knew we should put her on the ground. It’s tempting to say to ourselves, “OK, I know the weather doesn’t really look good, but I’ll just fly a bit further and see what it looks like. I can always make a 180.” The FAA’s accident statistics are full of reports of people who ran into mountains or became disoriented soon after they decided to go have a ‘look-see’. It’s painful to read those reports!

How to teach students to use good judgment is a major challenge in flight instruction. We know that the rule of primacy says that what we teach them now will follow them through their entire flying career. So, how do we convince students to be conservative when they fly?

Perhaps the most important thing an instructor can do is to remember that your students will emulate you. You are the expert and if you do it, they are probably going to try it sometime, too. It’s so important for your students to see you operate in a conservative manner, too. We need to do our envelope pushing elsewhere – not when we are flying with students. Oh but it’s tempting sometimes. <grin>

As an instructor I am known for my little maxims. Here are a few related to the use of good judgment:

*When in doubt, DON”T!

*Make the conservative choice; you live longer that way.

*Remember that those who die in weather related accidents are generally buried on a sunny day.

*If you want to push the limits of your ability (such as handling strong crosswind landings), go and get a qualified flight instructor to join you.

The problem with operating in that grey on-the-Margin area is that many times you can get away with it. That success builds the unrealistic belief that it’s okay and that you won’t get caught down the road. Unfortunately the more a pilot operates in that grey area the more likely he is to have an accident.

The next time you consider taking flight when you are not really feeling that well, or when the weather is iffy, or when the plane seems ‘not quite right’, make the conservative choice. It’s a great way to extend your flying career!

Tags: aviation safety, judgment
Posted in Emergencies, Safety, Training Tips | 10 Comments »

Food for thought

Thursday, July 8th, 2010

Food for thought:

* An altitude for a safe turn back to the runway will vary for different aircraft and in different wind conditions.

*Turning low to the ground is very disorienting.

*A decision should be made before take-off about where to land if the engine fails.

*As you approach an unfamiliar airport, notice where you might land with an engine failure when you depart later.

*Know what the no-wind pivotal altitude is for your plane

*On every flight, know what pivotal altitude will be for your climb out before you depart.

*Avoid turns below pivotal altitude!

Tags: Emergencies, Safety, Training Tips
Posted in Emergencies, Safety, Training Tips | 19 Comments »

Pivotal Altitude – What? Why? How?

Wednesday, May 26th, 2010

Most pilots don’t think much about pivotal altitude. Commercial pilots remember it vaguely as an altitude you have to understand to be able to do on-pylon turns. CFIs need to be able to teach it to commercial applicants. What else is it good for? We never seem to read much about its possible applications. Here, then, are several good applications for pivotal altitude.

Pivotal altitude is a function of ground speed. You know that you are at pivotal altitude when, while in a coordinated turn, you can keep your wing tip off a point on the ground. When you fall below pivotal altitude the reference point moves behind the wing. The wing then covers the point you were circling on the ground. When you are making turns above pivotal altitude – where 99% of our flying is done – reference points on the ground appear to move ahead of the wing. The latter appearance is so familiar to us that we aren’t generally aware of it. Commercially rated pilots are familiar with pivotal altitude from maneuvers such as on-pylon 8s. Unfortunately, most of us were never told why an understanding of pivotal altitude was important other than for passing our commercial practical test.

(more…)

Tags: aviation safety, flight instruction, tailwheel training, training
Posted in Safety, Training Tips | 39 Comments »

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